Deuteronomy 4:16 Commentary: Rashi, Rashbam, Sforno & Rav Hirsch

פֶּ֨ן־תַּשְׁחִת֔וּן וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֥ם לָכֶ֛ם פֶּ֖סֶל תְּמוּנַ֣ת כָּל־סָ֑מֶל תַּבְנִ֥ית זָכָ֖ר א֥וֹ נְקֵבָֽה׃

lest ye deal corruptly, and make you a graven image, even the form of any figure, the likeness of male or female,

Rashi on Deuteronomy

סמל means “form”.
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Rashbam on Deuteronomy

סמל; a symbol of something, as in Ezekiel 8,3 סמל הקנאה המקנא, “a likeness, a symbol, of the jealousy which provokes jealousy. (an ancient idol)
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Sforno on Deuteronomy

תמונת כל סמל, something that would reflect the belief of those who hold that every perishable, ephemeral phenomenon in this world has a counterpart in the celestial regions which it is derived from, and that people made themselves replicas of what they thought the original looked like.
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